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Ashtanga Yoga Yam Niyam: The tradition of yoga in the world is centuries old. According to Vedic codes, yoga has been adopted by sages and ascetics since ancient times, its mention is also found in Vedas. Not only this, idols depicting yoga and samadhi were also found in the Indus Valley Civilization.
Astrologer Chetna Kaushik explains that the famous texts of Yoga ‘Patanjala Yogdarshan’ I get detailed information about yoga. ‘Yogaschittavritinirodhah’ That is, controlling the instincts of the mind is yoga. Lord Krishna also says at one place in the Gita, ‘Yoga: Karmasu Kaushalam’ i.e. skill in actions is Yoga.
Ashtang Yoga is that which stabilizes the flow of ignorance in the mind and takes it towards the flow of knowledge. For this the practice of Ashtanga Yoga is needed. The eight Yogas of Ashtanga Yoga are Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama, Pratyahara, Dharana, Dhyana and Samadhi.
Talking about the first part of Ashtanga Yoga i.e. ‘Yama’, Yama is the rule which teaches a person to live ethically in the society. Yama is derived from the root word ‘Yam Upreme’, which means to retire. In this way, five rules have also been mentioned under Yama, which are as follows..
first rule
Nonviolence – Nonviolence Pratishthayantsannidhau Vairtyag: ॥Patanjala Yogadarshan 2/35॥
Harming someone without any reason is called violence. In such a situation, we should try with all our heart, word and deed not to harm anyone. Then whether it is with words, physically or mentally. This is called the first rule of Yama, ‘non-violence’.
second rule
Truth – Satyapratishthaaya Kriyafalashrayyatvam ॥ Patanjala Yoga Darshan 2/36 ॥
Following truth with mind, words and deeds and renouncing falsehood is called ‘truth’. Whatever work you do with a true heart, it will give you the best results. Along with this, it also makes the environment around you truthful and fruitful.
third rule
Asteya- Asteya Pratishthaaya Sarvaratnopasthanam. Patanjala Yogadarshan 2/37.
Asteya means that there should not be any kind of thief or malice in the mind. When you don’t violate anything with your mind, words and deeds, don’t want to get its special Vastu from anyone in an unethical way, then that is ‘Asteya’.
fourth rule
Celibacy – Celibacy Pratishthaaya Viryalabh: ..Patanjala Yogadarshan 2/ 38.
Many people get delusional about celibacy. They think that brahmacharya means not having physical relations of any kind. But according to the Yama-Niyamas of Puranas and Yoga Darshan, the meaning of celibacy is very different from this.
Brahmacharya means sexual abstinence or abstinence from sex in mind, word and deed. We speak, drink, see or do with the senses of the body. Use anything as much as is needed. In such a situation, celibacy is actually not letting the senses get used to anything.
last rule
Aparigraha – Aparigrahasthairye birth story address. Patanjali Yogadarshan 2/ 39.
Not having restraint in wealth, property and enjoyment material for one’s selfishness is Parigraha and lack of it is Aparigraha. Aparigraha tells that those who do Ashtanga Yoga should not accumulate anything more than necessary. Money or material things should not be accumulated.
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